Not being able to clearly remember, particularly when there are hints that something may have happened, can be frustrating, and people can become quite distracted with speculating about what may or may not have happened to them, and asking themselves the question, “Was I sexually abused?” For more mental health resources, see our National Helpline Database. Hypnosis can seem like a way to unlock these memories and settle the matter once and for all. Unfortunately, the reality is not that simple.
Memory and Dissociation
It is true that some people who were abused as children forget or dissociate from the experience, and don’t recall the abuse in adulthood. For others, troubling memories may occur on an ongoing basis. Both dissociation and intrusive memories are features of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Spontaneous Recall of Abuse
It is also true that some people later recall memories of abuse. This recall can occur in the context of some kind of therapy or change in physical or emotional state, including hypnosis. However, recall of abuse can happen without any particular therapeutic intervention. At times, people who spontaneously recover memories of abuse are able to verify what happened to them, which can lead to a sense of relief and self-understanding. At other times, the memories are not clear and are difficult to interpret. Seeking verifying evidence can also be impossible, fruitless, or can result in further difficulties with other family members.
Memory and Hypnosis
Hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness in which memories can sometimes be more easily accessed. However, it is also a state in which the mind is open to fantasy and imagination. It is virtually impossible to tell whether recall of an incident of childhood abuse is a memory of a real event, or a fantasy. Many people, both clients and therapists, believe that memory works like a video camera, recording everything that happens to us. They may also believe that forgotten or repressed memories can be unlocked by a technique such as hypnosis. In fact, many hypnotherapists go further and believe that people can recall past lives under hypnosis. These beliefs are not supported by scientific fact. The nature of memory as a process of reconstruction is now well established. Under hypnosis, people are particularly open to suggestion. In fact, this is the basis of how hypnosis works. A hypnotherapist who believes in the video recorder model of memory, particularly if they suspect their client has been abused, may inadvertently suggest memories of abuse to someone under hypnosis, that can seem like real memories to the client. This is not to say that anyone who recalls childhood abuse in adulthood is imagining it, whether or not the recall occurs under hypnosis. Neither is it to say that hypnotherapists deliberately feed their clients false memories of abuse. What it does say is that hypnosis is not a reliable method of determining whether or not you were abused in childhood if you do not remember now.
Regression Therapy and Hypnosis
Regression therapy, which focuses on resolving significant events interfering with your mental or emotional health, is often conducted by using hypnosis. Proponents believe that this relaxed state allows patients to tap into any forgotten or repressed traumatic events that are impacting their current mental state or behavior. There are two types of regression therapy:
Age regression therapy, which aims to uncover things that have happened during childhoodPast life regression therapy, which aims to resolve issues from your past lives
Regression therapy is controversial, however, since there’s currently not enough evidence to determine whether or not it’s possible to repress and later recover traumatic memories.
How Hypnosis Can Help Survivors of Childhood Abuse
Despite the unsuitability of hypnosis for personal “detective work,” hypnotherapy is very effective in helping people who were sexually abused to overcome their symptoms of PTSD. Hypnotherapy is particularly useful in helping survivors restructure their actual memories of abuse to give them a greater sense of control, and in addressing painful feelings such as self-blame. Hypnosis is most powerful when focused on creating positive changes to thoughts, feelings, and behaviors for the future.
A Word From Verywell
If you or a loved one is considering hypnosis or regression therapy, it’s essential to seek out a skilled mental health professional. Not only do you want to ensure that no one “plants” false memories but you’ll want to make sure digging up any painful memories is done safely and with care. Although there are several professional organizations for hypnotherapy, including the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis and the American Association of Professional Hypnotherapists, there is no certification or regulation for hypnotherapists. If possible, it’s best to seek a hypnotherapist who is also a health care professional governed by the regulations of their profession. Hypnotherapy may not be suitable for everyone. People’s ability to use hypnosis may vary, and individuals with certain mental health conditions like dissociative disorders, active substance abuse, and psychotic disorders may not do well with hypnosis.
