Understanding Prozac
Prozac is the trademark name of the drug fluoxetine, a medication belonging to a class of antidepressants known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs first became available in the United States in the 1980s and quickly came to be the most commonly prescribed type of antidepressant medication. Due to the effectiveness, safety, and limited side effects of SSRIs, their popularity continued to grow. Doctors initially prescribed Prozac to treat depression. However, research has shown that it can treat a variety of mental health and medical conditions. Currently, Prozac is used in the treatment of major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, eating disorders, chronic pain, migraines, irritable bowel syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and anxiety disorders including panic disorder and agoraphobia.
How Prozac Treats Panic Disorder
Prozac stabilizes your levels of serotonin, a naturally-occurring chemical in the brain that’s linked to how we regulate our moods. People with mood and anxiety disorders have an imbalance of serotonin. As an SSRI, Prozac works to influence serotonin by inhibiting its absorption in nerve cells in the brain.
Common Side Effects
Prozac has the potential for side effects, which often vary for different people. Some of the most common side effects include:
AnxietyBlurred visionDizzinessDry mouthFatigueHeadachesHeartburnIncreased sweatingLightheadednessNauseaNervousnessSexual side effectsSleep disturbancesYawning
Many people experience side effects that later subside or become less bothersome. Please note that these are only some of the side effects that can occur while taking Prozac. Consult your doctor if you experience any side effects that become unmanageable or don’t go away.
Rare Side Effects
As with any medication, there is the potential to experience an allergic reaction to Prozac. Contact your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following rare side effects:
Accelerated heart rateDifficulty breathing or swallowingExtreme nervousness and anxietyFeelings of confusionFeverJoint painRash or hivesSeizuresStrange bleeding or bruisingSuicidal thoughts or behaviorsSwelling of the face, mouth, or tongueVomiting
How Quickly Prozac Works
Don’t expect Prozac to immediately make you feel better. Improvements are often noticed days to weeks after starting Prozac, but it can actually take up to several months before you experience the full effect. For more mental health resources, see our National Helpline Database.
Stopping Prozac
Never abruptly stop taking your prescription. Although Prozac is long-acting and tends to taper itself, discontinuing it on your own may lead to withdrawal symptoms, such as increased anxiety and irritability, headaches, confusion, and lightheadedness. Additionally, your panic disorder symptoms can worsen if you suddenly stop taking your medication. Your dosage of Prozac can be gradually and safely reduced with your doctor’s guidance.
Precautions
There are several precautions with Prozac, including:
Black box warning: In 2007, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a black box warning for all SSRIs. The FDA cautioned that SSRI usage has the potential to increase thoughts and behaviors related to suicide. This issue was found to be particularly concerning for children, adolescents, and young adults who are taking SSRIs. Prescribing doctors must be especially observant of young people just beginning SSRI usage and monitor for signs of worsening mood or any suicidal thoughts. Pregnancy/nursing: Prozac can be passed on to unborn babies during pregnancy or through breast milk when a baby is nursing. If you’re pregnant or nursing, consult with your doctor about the possible risks of taking Prozac. Alcohol: It is recommended that you avoid alcohol while taking Prozac, as it may increase the medication’s toxicity or decrease its effectiveness. Lightheadedness, dizziness, and drowsiness: Prozac can make you feel lightheaded, dizzy, and tired. It’s important to be cautious while driving or performing any other duties that require your full alertness and concentration. Older adults: If you’re 65 or older, you may be at higher risk for some side effects of Prozac, so it needs to be used with greater caution in this group. Drug interactions: You should be cautious when taking Prozac with other medications, as drug interactions can lead to serious issues. Keep your doctor up-to-date on your current medications, both prescription and over-the-counter, as well as nutritional supplements or herbs you take.
A Word From Verywell
The information provided here is simply an overview regarding the use of Prozac for panic disorder. This information does not cover all potential variables, including possible side effects, precautions, and contraindications. Always talk to your medical provider about any questions and concerns you may have about your prescription.
